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4. Jamal A, Alsabea A, Tarakmeh M, Safar A. Etiology, Diagnosis, Complications, and Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children. Cureus. 2022 Aug 15;14(8):e28019. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28019. PMID: 36134092; PMCID: PMC9471510.

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 Further Reading

· Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline: The Diagnosis and Management ‎of Acute Otitis Media. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):e964– e999 ‎

· Sabella, Goldfarb J, Applying new guidelines on acute otitis media: from principles to practice. Cleveland ‎Clinic Journal of Medicine, supplement 4 to volume 71, June 2004. ‎

· Marchisio P, Bellussi L, Di Mauro G, Doria M, Felisati G, Longhi R, Novelli A, Speciale A, Mansi N, Principi N. ‎Acute otitis media: From diagnosis to prevention. Summary of the Italian guideline. Int J Pediatr ‎Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(11):1209-16. ‎

· Kitamura K, Iino Y, Kamide Y, Kudo F, Nakayama T, Suzuki K, Taiji H, Takahashi H, Yamanaka N, Uno Y. ‎Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute otitis media (AOM) in children in ‎Japan - 2013 update. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2015;42(2):99-106. ‎

· Heidemann CH, Lous J, Berg J, Christensen JJ, Håkonsen SJ, Jakobsen M, Johansen CJ, Nielsen LH, Hansen ‎MP, Poulsen A, Schousboe LP, Skrubbeltrang C, Vind AB, Homøe P. Danish guidelines on management of ‎otitis media in preschool children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;87:154-63. ‎

· Institut National d’Excellence en Santé et Services Sociaux (INESSS), Otite moyenne aigue chez l’enfant de ‎‎3 mois et plus, published date 2016, Québec, Canada, https://www.inesss.qc.ca/ ‎fileadmin/doc/CDM/UsageOptimal/Guides-serieI/ Guide-Otite-Enfant.pdf. ‎

· Ovnat Tamir S, Shemesh S, Oron Y, Marom T. Acute otitis media guidelines in selected developed and ‎developing countries: uniformity and diversity. Arch Dis Child. 2017;102(5):450-457.‎

· Deniz Y, van Uum RT, de Hoog MLA, Schilder AGM, Damoiseaux RAMJ, Venekamp RP. Impact of acute otitis ‎media clinical practice guidelines on antibiotic and analgesic prescriptions: a systematic review. Arch Dis ‎Child. 2018;103(6):597-602. 10.1136. ‎

· National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; Otitis media (acute): antimicrobial prescribing NICE ‎guideline [NG91] Published date: 28 March 2018, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng91. ‎

· Royal Children Hospital Melbourne, Australia; Acute Otitis media Guidelines, 2018, https://www.rch.org. ‎au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Acute_otitis_media. ‎

· Bourgeois T, Griffith C, Johnson EC, Leblanc B, Melancon B. Barriers to Current Guidelines in the ‎Management of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media. J Pediatrics & Pediatr Med. 2019;3(3):7-24. ‎

· Hayashi T, Kitamura K, Hashimoto S, Hotomi M, Kojima H, Kudo F, Maruyama Y, Sawada S, Taiji H, ‎Takahashi G, Takahashi H, Uno Y, Yano H. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of ‎acute otitis media in children-2018 update. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2020;47(4):493-526. ‎

· Suzuki HG, Dewez JE, Nijman RG, Yeung S. Clinical practice guidelines for acute otitis media in children: a ‎systematic review and appraisal of European national guidelines. BMJ Open. 2020;10(5). ‎

· Veenhoven, R., Rijkers, G., Schilder, A. et al. Immunoglobulins in Otitis-Prone Children. Pediatr Res. ‎‎2004;55:159–162.‎

· Guidelines Review Committee, Quality Assurance of Norms and Standards. WHO handbook for guideline development, 2nd Editio, Chapter 10 page 129

· Schünemann, Brożek, Guyatt, Oxman GRADE Handbook, Chapter 5; Quality of evidence, 2013