About 19 million children ,all over the world, under the age of 15 years are visually impaired and 1.4 million children have irreversible blindness It was predicted that half of the blindness cases were preventable (1). According to statistics in 2022, there are more than 35.24 million children under the age of 15 living in Egypt (2). Comprehensive detailed eye examination in selected cases could prevent severe complications of eye diseases.

➡️Purpose of the guidelines:

▪️  Identify risk factors for ocular disease

▪️  Identify systemic disease based on associated ocular findings

▪️  Identify factors that may predispose to visual loss early in a child's life

▪️  Determine the health status of the eye and the visual system, and assess refractive errors

▪️  Discuss the findings of the examination and their implications with the parent/caregiver and the patient when appropriate

▪️  Initiate an appropriate management plan

➡️Scope of the guidelines

▪️ Proper evaluation of the eyes and visual functions of infants and children under the age of 18

➡️Target audience:

Ophthalmologists - Pediatricians – Family doctors - High nurses.