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BLADDER CANCER

"last update: 21 Nov. 2024"  

- Annexes

Annex 1. Risk group stratification of patients with NMIBC and treatment recommendations (1)

Risk group stratification

Characteristics

Low-risk tumors

Primary, solitary, Ta G1 (PUNLMP, LG), <3 cm, no CIS

Intermediate-risk tumors

All tumors not defined in the two adjacent categories (between the category of low and high risk)

High-risk tumors

Any of the following:

_ T1 tumour

_ HG tumour

_ CIS

_ Multiple, recurrent and large (>3 cm)

   Ta G1-G2/LG tumours (all features must be present

Subgroup of highest-risk tumors

_ T1 G3/HG associated with concurrent bladder CIS

_ Multiple and/or large T1 G3/HG and/or recurrent

   T1 G3/HG, T1 G3/HG with CIS in the prostatic urethra

_ Some forms of variant histology of urothelial carcinoma,  

    lymphovascular invasion

Annex 2. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM Staging System for Bladder Cancer 8th ed., 2017), (1).

T Primary Tumor

TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed

T0 No evidence of primary tumor

Ta Noninvasive papillary carcinoma

Tis Urothelial carcinoma in situ: “flat tumor”

T1 Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue)

T2 Tumor invades muscularis propria

pT2a Tumor invades superficial muscularis propria (inner half)

pT2b Tumor invades deep muscularis propria (outer half)

T3 Tumor invades perivesical tissue

pT3a Microscopically

pT3b Macroscopically (extravesical mass)

T4 Extravesical tumor directly invades any of the following:

prostatic stroma, seminal vesicles, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall,

abdominal wall

T4a Extravesical tumor invades prostatic stroma, seminal vesicles,

       uterus, vagina

T4b Extravesical tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall

N Regional Lymph Nodes

NX Lymph nodes cannot be assessed

N0 No lymph node metastasis

N1 Single regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis

(perivesical, obturator, internal and external iliac, or sacral lymph

node)

N2 Multiple regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis

(perivesical, obturator, internal and external iliac, or sacral lymph

node metastasis)

N3 Lymph node metastasis to the common iliac lymph nodes

M Distant Metastasis

M0 No distant metastasis

M1 Distant metastasis

M1a Distant metastasis limited to lymph nodes beyond the common

        iliacs

M1b Non-lymph-node distant metastases

 

 

 

Annex 3. AJCC Prognostic Groups (T N M), (1).

Stage 0a  Ta N0 M0

Stage 0is Tis N0 M0

Stage I     T1 N0 M0

Stage II    T2a N0 M0

                 T2b N0 M0

Stage IIIA T3a N0 M0

                 T3b N0 M0

                 T4a N0 M0

                 T1-T4a N1 M0

           Stage IIIB T1-T4a N2,N3 M0

           Stage IVA T4b Any N M0

                             Any T Any N M1a

           Stage IVB Any T Any N M1b

 

Annex 4. Follow up and patient monitoring during treatment

·       No single follow-up plan is appropriate for all patients. The follow-up tables are to provide guidance, and should be modified for the individual patient based on sites

            of disease, biology of disease, and length of time on treatment.

·       Reassessment of disease activity should be performed in patients with new or worsening signs or symptoms of disease, regardless of the time interval from previous studies.

Low-Risk, Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Intermediate Risk, Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer


High-Risk, Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer


Post-Cystectomy Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer


Post-Cystectomy Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer


Post-Bladder Sparing


Metastatic Disease:


a. See risk classification

b.  Upper tract imaging includes CTU, MRU, intravenous pyelogram (IVP), retrograde pyelography,  

   or ureteroscop.

c.  Abdominal/pelvic imaging includes CT or MRI.

d.  See imaging.