- Mostly cause infertility by repeat breeding.

- Common in the cow than in the mare due to the direction of genitalia, and the utero-tubal junction is guarded by muscular papillae in the mare.

- Affections of the fallopian tubes are caused by: 

-- Ascending infection from the uterus.

-- Bad massage of the ovary.

-- Tuberculosis of the oviduct.

- The pathological affections of oviducts are:

1- Endo-salpingitis:

- Inflammation of the oviducts without significant enlargement.

- It is usually bilateral and cannot be detected rectally.

2- Interstitial salpingitis:

- Catarrhal exudates collect in the lumen.

- The mucosal folds have cellular infiltration.

- Changes in the whole wall of the tube.

- The tube is pencil-like and very hard.

3- Hydrosalpinx:

- Accumulation of fluid in the fallopian tube.

- It may be unilateral or bilateral.

- It is a sign of the white heifer disease.

4- Pyosalpinx:

- Pus is present in the fallopian tube and obstructs its lumen.

- The pus is doughy, and the wall is thick.

- It usually follows severe uterine infection and associated with severe adhesions

   of the mesosalpinx and mesovarium.

- Diagnosis of the pathological effects of the oviducts depends on:

-- History of repeat breeding,

-- Positive rectal examination.

-- Some diagnostic tests:

* Rubin's insufflation technique: Carbon dioxide is passed into the uterus under pressure of 60 - 100 mmHg. If the oviducts are normal, the pressure gradually falls to 40 - 60 mmHg.

* Starch test: About 30 gm starch in 500 ml distilled water is injected intraperitoneally. Vaginal mucous smears are tested by diluted iodine solution (one-part Lugol to 50 parts water) at 12 - 24 hours intervals for 2 - 4 days. The blue color indicates patent one or both oviducts.

- Prognosis is poor and treatment is unfavorable or not satisfactory.

- Treat pyometra or endometritis.

- Carbon dioxide insufflation may break down adhesion.

- Intramuscular and intrauterine antibiotics are helpful.