1. Wang E, Zanation A, Gardner P, et al.  ICAR: endoscopic skull-base surgery. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology. 2019; 9(S3).

2. Psaltis A, Schlosser R, Banks C, et al. A Systematic Review of the Endoscopic Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2012;147(2): 96–203.

3. Bedrosian J, Anand V, Schwartz T. The Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Repair of Iatrogenic and Noniatrogenic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Encephaloceles of the Anterior Cranial Fossa. World Neurosurgery. 2014;82[6S]:S86-S94.

4. Sharma S, Kumar G, Bal J, et al. Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea. European Annals of  Otorhinolaryngology, Head  and Neck  diseases. 2016;133(3):187-90.

5. Konuthula N, Khan M, Del Signore A, et al.  A systematic review of secondary cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2017;31(6):48-56.

6. Sumaily I.   Current   Approach to   Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: Diagnosis and Management. J Otolaryngol ENT Res: 2017;7(1):00191.

7. Lund V, Stamberger H, NicolaI P, et al. European Position Paper on Endoscopic Management of Tumours of the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses and Skull Base. Rhinology, 2019: supplement 22.

8. American Academy of Pediatrics Steering Committee on          Quality    Improvement    and    Management. Classifying recommendations for clinical practice guidelines. Pediatrics. 2004; 114:874-877.

9. Woodworth BA, Schlosser RJ, Palmer JN. Endoscopic repair of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks. J Laryngol Otol. 2005;119:709-713.

10. Chaaban MR, Conger B, Riley KO, Woodworth BA. Transnasal endoscopic repair of posterior table fractures. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012; 147:1142-1147.

11. Jones V, Virgin F, Riley K, Woodworth BA. Changing paradigms in frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leak repair. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2012; 2:227- 232.

12. Albu S, Florian IS, Bolboaca SD. The benefit of early lumbar drain insertion in reducing the length of CSF leak in traumatic rhinorrhea. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016; 142:43-47.

13. Bell RB, Dierks EJ, Homer L, Potter BE. Management of cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with craniomaxillofacial trauma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004; 62:676-684.

14. Gosal JS, Gurmey T, Kursa GK, Salunke P, Gupta SK. Is acetazolamide really useful in the management of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea? Neurol India. 2015;63:197-201.

15. Abrishamkar S, Khalighinejad N, Moein P. Analysing the effect of early acetazolamide administration on patients with a high risk of permanent cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Acta Med Iran. 2013; 51:467-471.

16. Yilmazlar S, Arslan E, Kocaeli H, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage complicating skull base fractures: analysis of 81 cases. Neurosurg Rev. 2006; 29:64-71.

17.  Schlosser RJ, Bolger WE. Management of multiple spontaneous nasal meningoencephaloceles. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112:980-985.

18.  Banks CA, Palmer JN, Chiu AG, O’Malley BW Jr, Woodworth BA, Kennedy DW. Endoscopic closure of CSF rhinorrhea: 193 cases over 21 years. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009; 140:826-833.

19.  Wall M. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Neurol Clin. 2010; 28:593-617.

20.  Aaron GP, Illing E, Lambertsen Z, et al. Enlargement of Meckel’s cave in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017; 7:421-424.

21.  Psaltis AJ, Overton LJ, Thomas WW 3rd, Fox NF, Banks CA, Schlosser RJ. Differences in skull base thickness in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2014; 28:e73-e79.

22. Oakley GM, Alt JA, Schlosser RJ, Harvey RJ, Orlandi RR. Diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an evidence-based review with recommendations. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2016 ;6:8-16.

23. Wise SK, Schlosser RJ. Evaluation of spontaneous nasal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007; 15:28-34.

24. Arrer E, Meco C, Oberascher G, Piotrowski W, Albegger K, Patsch W. beta-Trace protein as a marker for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. Clin Chem. 2002; 48(6 Pt 1):939-941.

25. Ahmed OH, Marcus S, Tauber JR, Wang B, Fang Y, Lebowitz RA. Efficacy of perioperative lumbar drainage following endonasal endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid leak repair. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017; 156:52-60.

26. Albu S, Emanuelli E, Trombitas V, Florian IS. Effectiveness of lumbar drains on recurrence rates in endoscopic surgery of cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013; 27:e190-e194.

27. Meco C, Arrer E, Oberascher G. Efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid fistula repair: sensitive quality control using the beta-trace protein test. Am J Rhinol. 2007; 21:729-736.

28. Chaaban MR, Illing E, Riley KO, Woodworth BA. Acetazolamide for high intracranial pressure cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2013; 3:718-721.

29.  Teachey W, Grayson J, Cho DY, Riley KO, Woodworth BA. Intervention for elevated intracranial pressure improves success rate after repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Laryngoscope. 2017; 127:2011-2016.

30. Campbell RG, Farquhar D, Zhao N, Chiu AG, Adappa ND, Palmer JN. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension: long-term outcomes of endoscopic repairs. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016; 30:294-300.

31. Hegazy HM, Carrau RL, Snyderman CH, Kassam A, Zweig J. Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a meta-analysis. Laryngoscope. 2000; 110:1166-1172.

32. Tahir MZ, Khan MB, Bashir MU, Akhtar S, Bari E. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an institutional perspective from Pakistan. Surg Neurol Int. 2011; 2:174.

33. Demarco RC, Tamashiro E, Valera FC, AnselmoLima WT. Use of a hypodense sodium fluorescein solution for the endoscopic repair of rhinogenic cerebrospinal fluid fistulae. Am J Rhinol. 2007; 21:184-186.

34. Lanza DC, O’Brien DA, Kennedy DW. Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistulae and encephaloceles. Laryngoscope. 1996; 106(9 Pt 1):1119-1125.

35.  Placantonakis DG, Tabaee A, Anand VK, Hiltzik D, Schwartz TH. Safety of low-dose intrathecal fluorescein in endoscopic cranial base surgery. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(3 Suppl):161-165; discussion 165-166.