1- tonsillectomy .

2- adenoids .

3- connecting tubes to the ear

4- eardrum grafting .

Tonsils and adenoids : -

The tonsils are almond-sized pieces of tissue on each side at the back of the throat, you will be able to see them. Adenoids are similar tissues, but they are in the back of the nose and cannot be seen when looking into the mouth . Both tonsils and adenoids help protect the body from germs . There are many parts of the organs in the body that protect us from germs, so your baby will remain well protected without tonsils and adenoids .

Causes

1- difficulty breathing and sleeping at night due to enlarged tonsils and adenoids .

2- difficulty swallowing when the tonsils are enlarged .

3- frequent infections and infections in the tonsils .

4- an abscess in one or both tonsils .

Operation of ear tubes :

 Since these tubes are installed in the eardrum, they connect the outer ear to the middle ear, and the main function of these tubes is to ventilate the middle ear due to the disruption of the function of the Eustachian tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose (nasopharynx). To protect the ear from water in case there is a tube in it, you should put a cotton swab in the outer ear hole to lock it well and then apply a layer of petroleum jelly or any used hand creams on the outside.

Eardrum repair :

It is a surgical procedure used to repair a hole or tear in the eardrum (tympanic membrane), and can also be used to repair or replace three small bones behind the eardrum (ossicles)

The eardrum is a thin membrane between the outer ear and your middle ear and it vibrates when sound waves hit it, and ear infection, surgery, or trauma may cause damage to your eardrum or middle ear bones that must be corrected by surgery, damage to these organs can lead to loss and increase the risk of ear infections And hearing

Types of eardrum grafts :-

Drum patching :-

If the hole or tear in your eardrum is small, your doctor may first try to patch the hole with the use of gel or gel-like tissue paper, this procedure takes from 10 to 30 minutes .

Important note :-

The surgeon will use a laser to carefully remove any kind of tissue or scars from excess tissue that has accumulated in the middle ear, then a small piece of your tissue will be taken from a vein or in the muscles of the sheath and placed on your eardrum to close the hole , the surgeon will either go through the ear canal to repair the eardrum , or Make a small incision behind your ear and reach your eardrum in this way, this procedure takes two to three hours .

Incision of the ear ossicles  :-

If the three small bones of the middle ear are damaged by ear infections or trauma, the surgeon will also do the repair .