Definition: giving a quantity of blood or its derivatives ( plasma – platelets – erythrocytes ) to a patient according to the doctor's instructions.

Causes: compensation of blood loss from the patient's body and treatment of an imbalance of blood components.

Caretaker: nursing team.

Tools: a blood bag or its derivatives (usable) - a solution holder - a blood transfusion device - a sponge cotton swab with alcohol - medical adhesive - a large size cannula.

Steps: 

1.    Hand washing ( routine ).

2.    Confirmation of the patient ( quadruple name and medical number)

3.    Measure the patient's vital signs to make sure they are at normal rates.

4.    Explain the procedure that will be performed to the patient.

5.    Maintain patient privacy.

6.    Review the patient's full name - blood groups-and match the bag number with the delivery form number.

7.    Preparing medications for Aphasia and incompatibility next to the patient.

8.     Wash hands (hygienic) immediately before installation.

9.  Open the transfusion device, connect it to a salt solution bottle and fill it ( to test the efficiency of its work ).

10. Connect the device to the blood bag and transfer it to the patient very slowly for the first 15 minutes

11. Measure the patient's vital signs every 5 minutes for the first 15 minutes.

12. Note the presence of any symptoms of blood incompatibility with the patient's body ( such as: tremor –back pain - headache –vomiting – rapid pulse – low blood pressure - rapid breathing – skin rash ).

13. Increase the drip in the absence of signs of incompatibility according to the doctor's instructions on the ticket.

14. Dispose of the empty blood bag after the required amount is given and connect the blood transfusion device with the salt solution and pass the solution into the device until the blood disappears from it and dispose of it in hazardous waste.

15. Measurement of vital signs after blood transfusion.

16. Hand washing and registration of this nursing procedure in the form provided for this.

Oxygen therapy

Definition :

Give an amount of O2 oxygen gas at a certain rate according to the patient's needs and the doctor's recommendations.

Causes :

Replenishment of the body's oxygen content – maintaining the vitality of tissues and cells.

The caretaker :

The nursing team.

Tools : 

Oxygen catheter – oxygen conductor – oxygen regulator – sterile gauze – water humidifier with distilled water-a glass of water.

Steps: 

1.    Hand washing ( routine ).

2.    Confirmation of the patient ( quadruple name and medical number)

3.    Measure the patient's vital signs to make sure they are at normal rates.

4.    Explain the procedure to the patient.

5.    Prepare the necessary tools.

6.    Make the patient in a comfortable position.

7.    Connect the regulator to the valve of the oxygen tube.

8.    Connect the humidifier to the oxygen cylinder (or if there are central connections ).

9.    Connect the connector to the humidifier ( nasal tube – oxygen mask ).

10. Test the presence of oxygen by placing the tip of the catheter in a glass of water ( the appearance of bubbles ).

11. Oxygen was delivered to the patient.

12. Follow-up of the patient's breathing status with the implementation of the doctor's instructions.

13. Registration in the nursing care form to monitor the improvement of the patient's condition.

14. Inform the doctor if any side effects occur.