Infectious serositis and New Duck disease: This bacterial disease of ducks is also known as Pasteurella anatipestifer infection,
➡️Etiology: Pasteurella anatipestifer, (Moraxella anatipestifer), Riemerella anatipestifer (= Pasteurella anatipestifer, (at least 21) serotypes,  not cross protection,  Type A is most frequently associated with high mortality.

➡️ Clinical signs:
high mortality, weight loss and condemnation. In the acute form, listlessness, eye discharge and diarrhea are commonly seen. Ducks show incoordination, shaking of the head and twisted neck. Birds are commonly found on their backs, paddling their legs. Typical lesions found in dead birds are infected air sacs, membranes covering the heart and liver, and meningitis.
➡️Post-mortem lesion:
-Perihepatitis without smell or liver damage.
-Pericarditis, airsacculitis, enlarged liver and spleen.
-Occasionally fibrinous meningitis.
-Salpingitis, Purulent synovitis.
-Chronic arthritis, sometimes with erosions of the joint cartilage, erosions of the cartilage of the hock joint in a duck with chronic Riemerella anatipestifer infection.
Skin ( dermatitis, cellulitis due to recumbence
➡️Differential diagnosis:
 Duck viral enteritis, duck viral hepatitis, colibacillosis, coccidiosis, tuberculosis, Mycotoxin, botulism
 
➡️Treatment:
 are effective means of control.
-Penicillin, enrofloxacin and sulfadimethoxine (0.04-0.08% in feed) are effective in reducing mortality.

-Sulphonamides and potentiated sulphonamides are the products most commonly recommended Used in drinking water application.

- Subcutaneous injections of penicillin + dihydrostreptomycin, or streptomycin + dihydrostreptomycin are also highly effective
➡️Vaccination against Riemerella anatipestifer:
Live, avirulent RA strain:
 containing serotypes  1,2 and 5 may be given as an aerosol or in-drinking-water to day-old ducklings
 and is protective for at least 42 days.
 
➡️Inactivated Bacterins:
1- Oil – emulsion inactivated bacterin containing serotypes  1,2 and 5Duckling are vaccinated S/C twice at 2 and 3 weeks ( Autogenously killed )is also protective, and is longer lasting than simple formalin-inactivated bacterin, but may cause a local tissue reaction.
2- Formalized bacterin
Containing RA 2,3 and 5 , given two inoculation I/M at 2 and 8 days or at 14 and 21 days of age
N.B. Protection only conferred against homologous strain