the vaccine must be administered to healthy receptive birds held in proper environment under good management. In addition, the response may be modified by the age of the birds and their immune status.

Wing-Web Administration

Age of vaccination  6 and 18 week of age

1.Vaccine is applied to the web of the wing. Use the fork applicator.

2. A dose of 0.01 ml should be administered to each bird by dipping the applicator in the vaccine mixture, allowing the applicator grooves to fill with liquid, and stabbing the webbed portion of the wing from beneath. Avoid feathered areas of the web.

3. At about 7 to 10 days after vaccination, a few birds should be examined for takes. A good take reaction, indicating that a satisfactory vaccination job was done, shows swelling in the skin at the point of vaccination with scab formation. The scabs will fall off about 2 to 3 weeks following vaccination.

 paramyxovirus in pigeons typically has a clinical picture with neurological symptoms and that is highly contagious., causing immense damage to pigeon flocks in infected areas.

Neurological symptoms are the most common. The pigeons’ heads tremble, they twist their necks in a funny way, sometimes so much that the top of their heads points to the ground. Their movements are disordered,. Those with such severe symptoms cannot possibly consume their feed, but consumption of water and food can be a problem even for those with milder symptoms. The illness can also be accompanied by lameness, with one or both of the pigeon’s wings drooping, and there can also be weakness in the legs.

The other typical symptom is large amounts of watery “diarrhoea”, sometimes released almost continuously, which makes the floor of the cage look as if it had been hosed down. The large amount of liquid is released from the kidneys under attack by the virus: the damaged kidney tissues are not capable of performing their function of making urine concentrated, and so it becomes abnormally watery and plentiful.

Only healthy pigeons in healthy flocks should be vaccinated. It is important to vaccinate all the pigeons in a loft to optimise loft protection. Young pigeons are often given the first vaccine dose at 4 weeks of age and the second vaccine dose 4 weeks later. An annual booster vaccination is highly recommended.