Chapter Four

- Organization

It is the organization’s senior management drawing the dimensions of the organization’s organizational structure, setting goals and activities that must be achieved, distributing activities and aspects of work to people according to their jobs, and granting powers and authorities to a manager whose work groups are under his responsibility. Organization is also considered the second function of management.. Organization can also be defined as a framework that works to draw and define relationships between jobs and duties in an effort to achieve the desired goals of the organization. This framework includes within it the human labor used to achieve the goals in a specific manner and style and through cooperation between groups in accordance with a plan drawn up by the organization’s senior management, and within... Different stages go through in the process of achieving goals.

· Drawing the activities necessary to achieve the organization’s goals and plans

· Delegating powers and responsibilities to activity and department managers

· Determine the dimensions of relations between departments and divisions and work on linking and coordinating them

· Providing the appropriate ability to achieve the desired goals in the hands of workers and departments; So that they can perform their work in the best possible way.

The importance of organization

·  The organization contributes to achieving the desired goals and achieving them within the highest standards of efficiency available by exploiting the available resources.

·  Motivating employees’ efforts and developing their loyalty to work by creating an appropriate job atmosphere.

·  Giving employees job stability

·  Ease of flow of communication and communication between members of the organization, which helps in facilitating the access of information and orders to all departments of the organization.

·  Encouraging employees to work in a team spirit to achieve the desired goals

·  Raising the efficiency of the organization’s management in achieving goals and achieving them by taking advantage of advanced work performance methods.

·  Maintaining the continuity of information transmission between the main groups in the organization

·  Documenting the importance of work and its progress according to a specific and precise system among the organization’s individuals and groups, in accordance with the regulations and instructions set by senior management.

·  Relying on the method of distributing and allocating resources based on priorities and the importance of the goals to be achieved. Division of powers between individuals in the organization according to the position the individual occupies and in proportion to the tasks assigned to him.

Organizational determinants:

 Administrative hierarchy and relationships between functional divisions.

 Division of jobs according to specialization.

 Organizational structure of the organization.

 .Determine each person's position and the role assigned to him or her

Organization principles:

·  Supervision.

·  Command and leadership.

·  Determine the type of administrative authority.

·  Delegation of authority.

·  Coordination.

·  the responsibility.

Types of organization:

 Formal organization: This is when the project management divides the project into departments, from which descend the departments that gather under its authority the departments entrusted to perform the functions and work, and they serve as the lower management, that is, the working class in the organization.

Informal organization: This type of organization depends on the organization’s employees assuming responsibility for organizing their work matters, and its membership is limited, and they have a common interest. .

·  Invests human energies and uses them to fully operate material resources

·  Achieves goals within the specified times

·  Reduces costs and saves time and effort

·  It helps in making sound decisions and reduces the chances of failure.

: Organization objectives 

The importance of organization has increased as problems have increased and become more complex, the size of the organization has increased, the number of employees has increased, and its activities have diversified. Therefore, we find that organization shows human efforts to achieve the organization’s goals with the least costs, effort, and time, and with the greatest possible adequacy, based on our organization’s goals.:

·  Division of workThis is done by assigning a specific task to each individual so that he can limit and focus his attention on performing it and not on anything else.

·  Coordination and cooperationOne of the most important goals of the organization is to achieve consensus and integration of humanitarian efforts. It also helps coordinate, technology, and maintain available expertise .

·  Automatic managementA good organization is one that requires the least amount of intervention to create interaction in existing relationships, and the first goal of the process is to provide organizational relationships with flexibility and effectiveness that makes the efforts of individuals flow towards the general goal in an automatic manner. .

·  Developing individual effectiveness“ The greatest goal of an organization, or even its greatest goal, is to provide the appropriate conditions for every individual in the organization to do his best at work.”".

·  Ease of drivingOne of the most important goals of the organization is to form coherent groups that allow its members to respond voluntarily to the leadership, provided that the organization provides leadership in every center in it . .

·  SurvivalThe survival of the organization is one of the fundamental goals of good organization, as the efforts of individuals are mobilized in order to provide the appropriate conditions for its survival .

·  Achieving stabilityOrganization must work to achieve stability for the organization’s activities. Planning organizational structures and defining relationships, as well as decision-making methods, must work to reduce risks. However, it may be appropriate to provide some allowances to confront rapid change as well as calculated risks..

·  Interaction, participation or dealingThe processes of participation, interaction, or overlapping are related to collective efforts. Individuals interact and interact with each other through the dynamism provided by the formal structure of the organization. Effective organization must also provide the conditions or overlapping in the informal relationships of individuals . .

Organization is  considered one of the most important training methods as it works to reveal the talents of individuals and develop their information in a way that qualifies them to occupy positions at the higher levels of the organizational structure.

Organizational steps:

The foundations and principles of regulation are the same. However, the degree of indulgence in regulation may vary depending on the size of the projects and the nature of their objectives and purposes. In general, a persistent manager and organizer may follow the following steps if he is to organize the activities of his department or department:

1. Determine what needs to be done: The director must study the task of his administrative unit in order to learn better about the work and tasks he has to perform.

2.Division of activity and distribution of business: the next step is for the manager to decide on how to divide the business to be done.

3. Deciding how to achieve coordination by giving each subordinate a separate work creates the need for coordination.

4.Determining the extent (scope of oversight) we mean the extent of oversight for the Director that number of subordinates directly affiliated with the Director and that deciding on the correct scope of oversight is important.

5.The necessary authority determines that the fifth step is to determine the size of the authority that the Director should delegate to the subordinates.

Organizational elements:

1-Workers of all kinds

2-Equipment, machinery, machinery, etc.

3- Materials involved in production or in the provision of service.

4. The skills and experience of employees and the experience and abilities of managers.

5. Links that allow commands to be moved from top to bottom.

6. Transmission of information from the bottom to the top within the origin after its composition.

7. Organization, procedures or methods and steps necessary to perform business or activity.

Benefits of organization in the nursing department:

 Organization has many benefits, and in the nursing department, nursing helps to:

• Determine the volume and type of nursing work to facilitate the process of dividing and distributing it among nursing staff members
•  Optimal use of the nurse’s time and effort according to specialty and experience (i.e. putting the right person in the right place)
• Defining responsibilities and authorities through job descriptions for each member of the nursing staff, which facilitates the process of monitoring and evaluation
• Coordinating work between members of the nursing staff and members of other administrative units within the hospital
• Determine and organize communication methods between nursing staff and between them and workers in other units
• Developing and developing the work of the nursing staff, which leads to achieving a level of service at the lowest cost, the least effort, the fastest time, and the highest efficiency.